The result indicated that the races are highly virulent and affect most Sr genes except Sr31 and Sr24. Four, stem rust dominant races were identified (TTTTF, TKTTF TKKTF, and TTKTF) by physiological and genetic race analysis during 2018/19 and one additional race (TKPTF) in 2019/20, production year. In 2019/20, even though seasonal disease distribution decreased, the spatial distribution was expanding in Afambo and Dubti districts. In 2019/20, about 63.7% of the wheat fields were affected by stem rust, disease incidence 30.97%, and severity 17.22% were lower than the previous season.
![ed rust state farm 2017 ed rust state farm 2017](https://www.iwu.edu/magazine/2019/summer-fall/rust-3.jpg)
The disease’s overall incidence and mean severity during the same season were 49.02% and 29.27%, respectively.
![ed rust state farm 2017 ed rust state farm 2017](https://alchetron.com/cdn/edward-b-rust-jr-0376a311-c258-4136-a2e0-f8f3a7a53e0-resize-750.jpeg)
The survey results also indicated that about 71.7% of the wheat fields were affected by stem rust during the 2018/19 growing period. The result revealed that the disease prevalence, disease incidence, and severity were significantly varied among the different districts and seasons in the two regions. The seasonal trend of stem rust disease progress showed its importance to infer the future progresses of the disease for the country’s potential production plan of irrigated wheat. Diseased samples were collected from the diseased wheat stem by Puccinia graminis physiological and genetic race analysis. Farm plots were assessed, in every 5–10 km intervals, with ’X’ fashion, and data on disease incidence, severity, healthy plants were counted and recorded. Totally 137 wheat farms were evaluated, from 2014/15–2019/20 in six districts representing the Upper, Middle, and Lower Awash River Basin. tritici, and to determine the virulence spectrum in the irrigated ecology of the Awash River Basin. So this study was conducted to assess the disease intensity, seasonal distribution dynamics pattern, the genetic variability of Puccinia graminis f. However, wheat stem rust is considered one of the determinant threats to wheat production in Ethiopia and the world.
Wheat is one of the high-value major crops in the world.